Tentmaker · Jew from Pontus · Paul's co-worker

Aquila

Period~AD 49, after AD 64
Summary
A Jew from Pontus and a tentmaker, Aquila formed with his wife, Priscilla, one of the steadiest partnerships in the New Testament. He welcomed Paul in Corinth, went with him to Ephesus, and helped instruct Apollos, always moving home and church wherever the gospel needed to advance.
Who was Aquila
Biography

How often does a forced move, a layoff, a change of city feel like nothing but loss? Aquila knew that feeling well. A decree from Emperor Claudius suddenly expelled all Jews from Rome, and he had to start life over from scratch, in another country.

Aquila was a native of Pontus, a region in what is now northern Turkey, and made his living as a tentmaker. Expelled from Rome along with his wife, Priscilla, he ended up in Corinth, Greece. There he met another Jew who knew the same trade: Paul of Tarsus (Acts 18:1-3).

The apostle came to live and work with the couple, cutting and stitching canvas while preaching the gospel in the city. When Paul continued his journey, Aquila and Priscilla went with him as far as Ephesus and stayed there (Acts 18:18-19).

In Ephesus, the couple heard a gifted preacher named Apollos, who knew the Scriptures well but had an incomplete understanding of the gospel. Instead of exposing him in public, Aquila and Priscilla took him home and explained the Way of God to him more accurately (Acts 18:24-26).

In time, the couple returned to Rome, and their home became a gathering place for a church (Romans 16:5). Paul calls them his co-workers in Christ Jesus and says something rare about someone in his letters: that they risked their own lives for him (Romans 16:3-4).

Years later, near the end of his life, Paul writes his last letter and does not forget the couple, sending greetings to Priscilla and Aquila (2 Timothy 4:19). Their names run through nearly all of the apostle’s correspondence, always as a pair, always serving.

Aquila’s life shows that God uses a workbench as much as a pulpit. He received no visions and wrote no letters, but he opened his own home, patiently corrected a preacher, and risked his own neck for the sake of the gospel. Without people like him, the Way of God would not have advanced so far.

Defining verses

Greet Priscilla and Aquila, my co-workers in Christ Jesus. They risked their lives for me.

Romans 16:3-4

The churches in the province of Asia send you greetings. Aquila and Priscilla greet you warmly in the Lord, and so does the church that meets at their house.

1 Corinthians 16:19

Visions, prophecies, and deeds

Meeting Paul in Corinth

Recently expelled from Rome, Aquila and Priscilla welcome Paul into their home and work with him making tents.

Acts 18:1-3

Expulsion from Rome

An edict from Emperor Claudius forces all Jews to leave Rome, and the couple settles in Corinth.

Acts 18:2

Journey to Ephesus

They accompany Paul to Ephesus when he leaves Corinth and remain in the city.

Acts 18:18-19

Instructing Apollos

Upon hearing a preacher who knew only part of the gospel, they take him home and explain the Way of God to him more accurately.

Acts 18:24-26

Church meeting in their home

Their home becomes a gathering place for Christians, both in Ephesus and later back in Rome.

1 Corinthians 16:19; Romans 16:5

Paul's tribute in Romans

Paul calls them co-workers in Christ Jesus and says they risked their own lives for him.

Romans 16:3-4

Paul's final greeting

Near the end of his life, Paul still remembers the couple in his last letter.

2 Timothy 4:19
Timeline
~AD 49

Expelled from Rome

Emperor Claudius orders all Jews to leave Rome (Acts 18:2).

~AD 50-52

They meet Paul in Corinth

They host the apostle and work together with him making tents (Acts 18:1-3).

~AD 52

They go on to Ephesus

They accompany Paul as he leaves Corinth and settle in the city (Acts 18:18-19).

~AD 52-54

They instruct Apollos

They explain the Way of God more accurately to an already active preacher (Acts 18:24-26).

~AD 57

Back in Rome

Paul greets them as co-workers who risked their lives for him (Romans 16:3-4).

after AD 64

Final mention

Paul greets them once more in his last letter, written from Rome (2 Timothy 4:19).

Portrait

Opened their own home and trade to welcome Paul as soon as he arrived in Corinth (Acts 18:1-3)

Risked their lives for Paul, as the apostle himself acknowledges in his letter (Romans 16:3-4)

Corrected with humility and precision the incomplete teaching of an already active preacher, Apollos (Acts 18:24-26)

Turned their own home into a gathering place for the church in more than one city (1 Corinthians 16:19; Romans 16:5)

Remained faithful and available to move whenever the gospel required it, serving in Rome, Corinth and Ephesus (Acts 18; Romans 16:3-4; 2 Timothy 4:19)

Lessons and legacy
Lessons from their life

It is possible to serve God through one's ordinary work, without needing to abandon one's trade (Acts 18:1-3)

Marriage can be a partnership in mission, not just in companionship (Acts 18:2,18,26)

Teaching with precision, even in private conversations, corrects and strengthens other leaders (Acts 18:24-26)

Simple hospitality, opening one's table and home, can sustain whole churches (1 Corinthians 16:19)

Following the call sometimes means changing cities and starting over more than once (Acts 18; Romans 16:3-5)

Missionary legacy

A model of a missionary couple: Aquila and Priscilla served together in Rome, Corinth and Ephesus, an example of partnership in ministry (Acts 18; Romans 16:3-4)

Shows that an ordinary trade, tentmaking, can sustain the advance of the gospel among different peoples and cities

Their home as a house church inspires communities that today gather in homes where there is still no church building

Patiently instructing an already active preacher, as they did with Apollos, is a model for discipling emerging leaders on mission fields (Acts 18:24-26)

They moved voluntarily between cities and cultures for the sake of the gospel, as those who relocate to another country for mission still do today

Family and context
Family and relationships
Wife Priscilla, inseparable co-worker (Acts 18:2)
Co-worker Paul of Tarsus, friend and business partner (Acts 18:2-3)
Disciple they instructed Apollos, preacher they helped train (Acts 18:24-26)
Nations mentioned

Pontus

Acts 18:2

Italy (Rome)

Acts 18:2

Achaia (Corinth)

Acts 18:1,12

Asia (Ephesus)

Acts 18:19; 1 Corinthians 16:19

Related places

Pontus

Present-day Turkey, Aquila's homeland

Rome

Present-day Italy, from which they were expelled by the edict of Claudius

Corinth

Present-day Greece, where they welcomed Paul into their home

Ephesus

Present-day Turkey, where they instructed Apollos and hosted a house church

Where to find them in the Bible
Where to find them in the Bible

Aquila's story is told in the book of Acts, chapter 18. He is also mentioned in Paul's letters, in Romans 16:3-4, 1 Corinthians 16:19 and 2 Timothy 4:19.

Other people