Damascus, capital of Syria

Damascus

Meaning
The meaning of the name Damascus is uncertain, but the city is one of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world, already in existence in the days of Abraham. In the Bible it stands out as the capital of the Aramean kingdom in the Old Testament and as the place where Saul of Tarsus met Jesus and became the apostle Paul.
About the place

Damascus is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, in the region that is now Syria. It already existed in the days of Abraham, nearly two thousand years before Christ, and ran through the whole of biblical history into the New Testament.

In the Old Testament it was the capital of the Aramean kingdom, a constant rival of Israel and Judah. Kings such as Ben-Hadad and Hazael ruled wars from there that marked entire generations.

The prophet Elisha was in Damascus and there revealed to Hazael that he would become king, fulfilling a judgment God had already announced against the house of Ahab.

But it is in the book of Acts that Damascus gains its best known place in the Christian faith. It was there, on the road and then inside the city, that Saul of Tarsus met the risen Jesus and became the apostle Paul.

Blind, dependent, and broken, Paul passed through Damascus from persecutor to preacher. The same city that nearly killed him was where he received his sight back and the call to proclaim Christ among the Gentiles.

Damascus reminds us that God can transform even the most resistant heart, and that his plans stand firm even as kingdoms and empires rise and fall around them.

Key verses

As he neared Damascus on his journey, suddenly a light from heaven flashed around him. He fell to the ground and heard a voice say to him, “Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?”

Acts 9:3-4

In Damascus the governor under King Aretas had the city of the Damascenes guarded in order to arrest me. But I was lowered in a basket from a window in the wall and slipped through his hands.

2 Corinthians 11:32-33

See, Damascus will no longer be a city but will become a heap of ruins.

Isaiah 17:1

What happened here

Elisha prophesies about Hazael

In Damascus, the prophet Elisha visited the sick king Ben-Hadad and secretly told Hazael that he would become king of Aram. The next day, Hazael smothered the king and took the throne.

2 Kings 8:7-15

Assyria conquers Damascus

At the request of King Ahaz of Judah, the Assyrian king Tiglath-Pileser attacked Damascus, deported its people and killed King Rezin, ending the ancient Aramean kingdom.

2 Kings 16:7-9

The conversion of Saul

Near Damascus, a light from heaven blinded Saul of Tarsus and he heard the voice of Jesus. Once inside the city, the disciple Ananias prayed for him and his sight was restored.

Acts 9:1-19

Saul preaches in the synagogues

Newly converted, Saul began to preach in the synagogues of Damascus that Jesus is the Son of God, leaving the Jews of the city baffled.

Acts 9:20-22

Escape in a basket through the wall

When the Jews of Damascus plotted to kill him and the governor of the city was watching the gates, the disciples lowered Saul in a basket through an opening in the wall.

Acts 9:23-25
Timeline
around 2000 BC

Damascus already exists as an ancient city, mentioned in the accounts of Abraham's time

around 841 BC

Elisha prophesies in Damascus that Hazael will become king

732 BC

The Assyrians conquer Damascus and deport its people

around AD 34

Saul is converted on the road to Damascus and has his sight restored in the city

soon after

Paul preaches in the synagogues and escapes the city in a basket through the wall

around AD 37

Paul returns to Damascus after a period in Arabia

People linked to this place
P

Paul

Met Jesus and was converted here

A

Ananias

Restored Saul's sight

E

Elisha

Prophesied here that Hazael would be king

H

Hazael

Received the prophecy and became king

B

Ben-Hadad

Aramean king killed by Hazael

Books where it appears

Genesis

a city that already existed in Abraham's time

2 Kings

capital of the Aramean kingdom, setting of Elisha and Hazael

Isaiah

target of a prophetic oracle about its fall

Acts

city of Paul's conversion and first preaching

2 Corinthians

Paul recalls his escape from the city in a basket

Galatians

Paul recalls that he returned to Damascus after a time in Arabia

The place today
The place today

Damascus is today the capital of Syria and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. In the Old City, recognized by UNESCO, the street called Straight in Acts 9 still exists, now known as the Via Recta.

The country is in a very fragile state after long years of civil war and the recent fall of a decades-old regime. Poverty is widespread and rebuilding is only beginning.

The city where God interrupted the life of a persecutor and turned him into an apostle is still waiting for that same work in many hearts. Pray for Syria, for lasting peace and for the advance of the gospel among its people.

Pray for this nation today: Síria

Other places

Biblical place

Bokim